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Step one two and three, including 4, 5 and 6 is learning when the bevel is set. And to "know" this you need to hone a lot of razors. Or do a lot of bevel setting on a few razors. Time and practice...

It seems like a dairly hollow razor. I would use a little more than blade weight but its hard to say. Little more than the weight of my hand.
I use the thumb nail test to check bevel set. But this...

From 1k to 4k is doable. Your just going to need a bit more time on the 4k to remove the scratches from the 1k.

It could be better but with all the deep scratches it is hard to tell for me. You're not putting down an even scratch pattern. That also throws me off. I'd take it to a 1k stone and clean up the...

I know Leonard /bouchie has done some silver soldering of cracks and stand by them. Ive never tested one myself. Send him a pm.