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Oxidation is an issue with carbon steel in a steam autoclave. Dipping the needles in a rust preventative prior to bagged sterilization was the solution to the problem.

To kill the bugs the...

FWIW, tattooing needles in both high carbon and stainless steel are autoclaved in a steam clave at 265 degrees Fahrenheit. This is of course too low a temperature to affect the temper. Back when we...