The first step of honing is commonly referred to as "setting the bevel." If you don't know what this means, do a search on the list for it. Basically it means the removal of the metal from the edge of the blade to create the actual cutting edge with the proper angle. AFTER that is done, progressively finer grits are used to make the edge sharper. Your paste is only used as a finishing step. It does not come close to setting a bevel or creating a sharp edge.

Consider a piece of wood cut with a chain-saw. It would be useless to try to initially sand it only with 2000 grit sandpaper. This is kind of the equivalent of what you did in trying to sharpen you blade with the paste. You definitely need it to be honed first.