+1 on bristle cleaners and alcohol for germ killing.

For oxidized bakelite stems I first soak the stem (NOT the briar) in something akin to ArmorAll (I do not use this product). After a few days I then start buffing with rubbing compound or very fine sandpaper. If necessary, I will resoak the bit and then resand/buff. IIRC, the oxidation is a result of oxyen, UV rays and the sulfur in the bakelite.

Once the stem is all black I buff until it is nice and shiny. Then I apply several coats of carnuaba wax. Also, keep the newly restored pipe out of sunlight. PM me if you want the manufacturer's name of the products I use.

Dave