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When the scratch pattern from the 2k has been largely replaced by a 4k or 8k pattern. Often visible in good light without magnification. Or when the TPT and/or HHT gets noticeably better. Or all 3.
...

I use this about 95% of the time for a vintage or new razor:


1200 (9µ)
8000 (3µ)
a barber hone (or Thuringian)
newspaper


I have some coarser hones for heavier work.